SAP AND ABAP TIPS AND FACTS

Monday, June 2, 2008

SAP ABAP Decimal Places in Currency

SAP ABAP Decimal Places in Currency

If you wish to find the decimal places in the currency you can use the following function module.

G_DECIMAL_PLACES_GET

The table that stores the Currencies in SAP system (Currency Codes) is TCURC. The code below shows the decimal places for a particular currency.

REPORT ZEX_CURRENCY .

Parameters: p_curr(10).

Data: d_decpl like TCURX-CURRDEC.

CALL FUNCTION 'G_DECIMAL_PLACES_GET'
  EXPORTING
    CURRENCY            = p_curr
 IMPORTING
   DECIMAL_PLACES       = d_decpl .

Write: 'Decimal Places ', d_decpl.


SAP ABAP Select Options

SAP ABAP Select Options Basics

For any ABAP Report or an executable giving the selection criterion is important. Presenting the user with selection screen is very easy using Select-Options and Parameters in SAP ABAP.

The basic for of Select-Options in SAP ABAP is as follows.

Select-options: s_vbeln for vbak-vbeln.


In the above statement s_vbeln is defined as an internal table. And it has the following fields.

           'SIGN:',         s_vbeln-sign,
           'OPTION:',    s_vbeln-option,
           'LOW:',         s_vbeln-low,
           'HIGH:',        s_vbeln-high.
__________________________________________________________

Valid data types of f include all elementary ABAP types except data type f. You cannot use data type f, references, or aggregate types.

We will explore Select Options with the help of a small program shown below.
__________________________________________________________

REPORT ZEX_SELECTOPTIONS.

Tables: VBAK,
             VBAP.

Data: int_vbak type vbak occurs 0 with header line.

Select-options: s_vbeln for vbak-vbeln.

Select * INTO int_VBAK from VBAK where
              VBELN in s_vbeln.
APPEND int_VBAK.
CLEAR int_VBAK.
ENDSELECT.

Loop at s_vbeln.
WRITE: /   'SIGN:',   s_vbeln-sign,
                 'OPTION:', s_vbeln-option,
                 'LOW:',    s_vbeln-low,
                 'HIGH:',   s_vbeln-high.
Endloop.

loop at int_vbak.
Write:/ int_vbak-vbeln, int_vbak-AUART.
endloop.

_______________________________________________________

Once the above program is executed, then the user is presented with a selection screen as shown below.


Sales Order No.                  ___________|          to     ___________        >>

Basically here you can enter the Sales Order Number as follows.

1) Single Entry
2) Range
3) Selected Sales Order Numbers

In case the user enters only a single Sales Order number then only one order gets selected and the output of the code,

Loop at s_vbeln.
WRITE: /   'SIGN:',   s_vbeln-sign,
                 'OPTION:', s_vbeln-option,
                 'LOW:',    s_vbeln-low,
                 'HIGH:',   s_vbeln-high.
Endloop.


is as Follows

SIGN: I OPTION: EQ LOW: 4969 HIGH:
_________________________________________


In case the user enters a range from 4969 to 4977 then the output of the above code is


SIGN: I OPTION: BT LOW: 4969  HIGH: 4977
_______________________________________________

In case the user enters only selected values as 4969, 4970, 4971, 4972 the the output will be as follows.

                                        
SIGN: I OPTION: EQ LOW: 4969       HIGH:
SIGN: I OPTION: EQ LOW: 4970       HIGH:
SIGN: I OPTION: EQ LOW: 4971       HIGH:
SIGN: I OPTION: EQ LOW: 4972       HIGH:
SIGN: I OPTION: EQ LOW: 4973       HIGH:
______________________________________________

Note: The output shown above is for the internal table of select options. The result of the selected Sales Order will be different. You can run the code given above and see the output.





SAP ABAP Views

SAP ABAP Views

Many a times it is required to extract data from several tables this can be a time consuming process. To simplify the process and to increase the efficiency of the code, you can define a VIEW. Data is not stored in a VIEW physically. Here data is combined from several tables, but the data is stored in their respective tables. As the name goes a VIEW is just a VIEW of the selected/desired fields from a number of tables. Fields that are not required are hidden. For example if data needs to be extracted from 5 tables with desired fields, then you can create a VIEW of the required fields.




In SAP ABAP a VIEW can be defined in the following ways.

1) By masking one or more fields from a Table.
2) By Linking tables with a Rational Join Operation
3)
By defining join condition from a foreign key defined between the tables

There are 4 types of view in ABAP

1) Database Views
2) Projection Views
3) Help Views
4) Maintenance Views






SAP ABAP Creating a Material using a BAPI Part 2

SAP ABAP Creating a Material using a BAPI Part 2

In part 1
SAP ABAP Creating a Material using a BAPI Part 1 we have seen how to get the next Material Number. In this Part we will see the parameters that need to be passed for creating the actual Material. For simplicity let us keep the number of parameters to minimum. We will just pass the mandatory fields as per the system that I am using. Please note that you need to pass the Material Number Obtained in the previous Part. Also make sure that you run the following BAPIs in the Order shown below.

To create a Material in SAP using a BAPI you need to use the following 2 BAPIs

BAPI_MATERIAL_GETINTNUMBER
_______________________________________________
Pass the Material Number obtained
from the above BAPI to the following BAPI

_______________________________________________
BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA
_______________________________________________


Find the code below.

REPORT ZEX_SAVEMATERIAL .

Parameters: p_matype like BAPIMATDOA-MATL_TYPE,
            p_indsr like BAPIMATDOA-IND_SECTOR,
            p_reqnum like BAPIMATALL-REQ_NUMBERS.

Data: d_ret like BAPIRETURN1,
      d_ret2 like BAPIRET2.

Data: int_matnum type BAPIMATINR occurs 0 with header line,
      int_matdesc type BAPI_MAKT occurs 0 with header line.

Data: st_headdata like BAPIMATHEAD,
      st_clientdata like BAPI_MARA,
      st_clientx like BAPI_MARAX.

CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_MATERIAL_GETINTNUMBER'
     EXPORTING
          MATERIAL_TYPE    = p_matype
          INDUSTRY_SECTOR  = p_indsr
          REQUIRED_NUMBERS = p_reqnum
     IMPORTING
          RETURN           = d_ret
     TABLES
          MATERIAL_NUMBER  = int_matnum.

if sy-subrc = 0.
endif.

loop at int_matnum.
  st_headdata-MATERIAL = int_matnum-MATERIAL.
endloop.

int_matdesc-langu ='E'.
int_matdesc-langu_iso = 'E'.
int_matdesc-matl_desc = 'Material 1'.
append int_matdesc.
clear int_matdesc.

st_headdata-ind_sector = 'C'.
st_headdata-matl_type = 'HAWA'.

st_clientdata-MATL_GROUP = '001'.
st_clientdata-BASE_UOM = 'BT'.
st_clientdata-BASE_UOM_ISO = 'BT'.

st_clientx-MATL_GROUP ='X'.
st_clientx-BASE_UOM = 'X'.
st_clientx-BASE_UOM_ISO = 'X'.


CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA'
  EXPORTING
    HEADDATA                   = st_headdata
   CLIENTDATA                  = st_clientdata
   CLIENTDATAX                 = st_clientx
*             PLANTDATA                  =
*             PLANTDATAX                 =
*             FORECASTPARAMETERS         =
*             FORECASTPARAMETERSX        =
*             PLANNINGDATA               =
*             PLANNINGDATAX              =
*             STORAGELOCATIONDATA        =
*             STORAGELOCATIONDATAX       =
*             VALUATIONDATA              =
*             VALUATIONDATAX             =
*             WAREHOUSENUMBERDATA        =
*             WAREHOUSENUMBERDATAX       =
*             SALESDATA                  =
*             SALESDATAX                 =
*             STORAGETYPEDATA            =
*             STORAGETYPEDATAX           =
*             FLAG_ONLINE                = ' '
*             FLAG_CAD_CALL              = ' '
*             NO_DEQUEUE                 = ' '
 IMPORTING
   RETURN                     = d_ret2
 TABLES
   MATERIALDESCRIPTION        = int_matdesc
*             UNITSOFMEASURE             =
*             UNITSOFMEASUREX            =
*             INTERNATIONALARTNOS        =
*             MATERIALLONGTEXT           =
*             TAXCLASSIFICATIONS         =
*             RETURNMESSAGES             =
*             PRTDATA                    =
*             PRTDATAX                   =
*             EXTENSIONIN                =
*             EXTENSIONINX               =
          .

If sy-subrc = 0.
Endif.





SAP ABAP Creating a Material using a BAPI Part 1

SAP ABAP Creating a Material using a BAPI

In SAP ABAP you can create a Material using a BAPI. To do so you first need to get the Next Material Number. This can be obtained by using the following BAPI.

To create a Material in SAP using a BAPI you need to use the following 2 BAPIs

BAPI_MATERIAL_GETINTNUMBER
BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA

If you are suing the transaction MM01 to create a Material, you can see the Material Number being assigned automatically. If you have not noticed this please run the transaction MM01 and enter the values in the initial screen. After hitting enter you will see the Material Number appear in the next screen automatically.

Let us now see the parameters that need to be passed to the BAPI BAPI_MATERIAL_GETINTNUMBER.

The Mandatory Parameters that need to be passed to the BAPI are as follows.

Material Type
Industry Sector
Required Numbers

Enter the desired values and generate the Next Material Number. Once you obtain the Material Number, you then need to pass this number to the following BAPI.

BAPI to create Material in SAP

BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA

The following program demonstrates the BAPI BAPI_MATERIAL_GETINTNUMBER

REPORT ZEX_GETMATNUM .

Parameters: p_matype like BAPIMATDOA-MATL_TYPE,
            p_indsr like BAPIMATDOA-IND_SECTOR,
            p_reqnum like BAPIMATALL-REQ_NUMBERS.

Data: d_ret like BAPIRETURN1.

Data: int_matnum type BAPIMATINR occurs 0.

CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_MATERIAL_GETINTNUMBER'
  EXPORTING
    MATERIAL_TYPE          = p_matype
   INDUSTRY_SECTOR         = p_indsr
   REQUIRED_NUMBERS        = p_reqnum
 IMPORTING
   RETURN                  = d_ret
  TABLES
    MATERIAL_NUMBER        = int_matnum
          .

          if sy-subrc = 0.

          endif.

I have used the following Parameters:

Material Type            HAWA
Industry Sector         C
Required Numbers     1

See Also: SAP ABAP Creating a Material using a BAPI Part 2
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


ABAP TIPS

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 ABAP TIPS


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 ABAP TIPS
Always specify your conditions in the Where-clause instead of checking them yourself with check statements. The database system can then use an index (if possible) and the network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
For all frequently used Select statements, try to use an index. You always use an index if you specify (a generic part of) the index fields concatenated with logical Ands in the Select statement's Where clause. Note that complex Where clauses are poison for the statement optimizer in any database system.


 ABAP TIPS
If there exists at least one row of a database table or view with a certain condition, use the Select Single statement instead of a Select-Endselect-loop. Select Single requires one communication with the database system, whereas Select-Endselect needs two.


 ABAP TIPS
It is always faster to use the Into Table version of a Select statement than to use Append statements.


 ABAP TIPS
To read data from several logically connected tables use a join instead of nested Select statements. Network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
If you want to find the maximum, minimum, sum and average value or the count of a database column, use a select list with aggregate functions instead of computing the aggregates yourself. Network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
If you process your data only once, use a Select-Endselect-loop instead of collecting data in an internal table with Select Into Table. Internal table handling takes up much more space.


 ABAP TIPS
Use a select list or a view instead of Select * , if you are only interested in specific columns of the table. Network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
For all frequently used, read-only tables, try to use SAP buffering. Network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
Whenever possible, use array operations instead of single-row operations to modify your database tables. Frequent communication between the application program and database system produces considerable overhead.


 ABAP TIPS
Whenever possible, use column updates instead of single-row updates to update your database tables. Network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
Instead of using nested Select loops or FOR ALL ENTRIES it is often possible to use subqueries. Network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
Use the special operators CO, CA, CS, instead of programming the operations yourself. If ABAP/4 statements are executed per character on long strings, CPU consumption can rise substantially.


 ABAP TIPS
Some function modules for string manipulation have become obsolete and should be replaced by ABAP/4 statements or functions: STRING_CONCATENATE... -> CONCATENATE, STRING_SPLIT... -> SPLIT, STRING_LENGTH -> strlen(), STRING_CENTER -> WRITE...TO...CENTERED, STRING_MOVE_RIGHT -> WRITE...TO...RIGHT-JUSTIFIED


 ABAP TIPS
Use the CONCATENATE statement instead of programming a string concatenation of your own.


 ABAP TIPS
If you want to delete the leading spaces in a string, use the ABAP/4 statement SHIFT...LEFT DELETING LEADING... .Other constructions (with CN and SHIFT...BY SY-FDPOS PLACES, with CONDENSE if possible, with CN and ASSIGN CLA+SY-FDPOS(LEN) ...) are not as fast. In any case, avoid using SHIFT inside a WHILE-loop!


 ABAP TIPS
Use the SPLIT statement instead of programming a string split yourself.


 ABAP TIPS
Use the strlen( ) function to restrict the DO loop to the relevant part of the field, e.g. when determinating a check-sum.


 ABAP TIPS
Use "CLEAR f WITH val" whenever you want to initialize a field with a value different from the field's type-specific initial value.


 ABAP TIPS
Try to keep the table ordered and use binary search or used a table of type SORTED TABLE. If TAB has n entries, linear search runs in O( n ) time, whereas binary search takes only O( log2( n ) ).


 ABAP TIPS
A dynamic key access is slower than a static one, since the key specification must be evaluated at runtime. However, for large tables the costs are dominated by number of comparison needed to locate the entry.


 ABAP TIPS
If you need to access an internal table with different keys repeatedly, keep your own secondary indices.With a secondary index, you can replace a linear search with a binary search plus an index access.


 ABAP TIPS
LOOP ... WHERE is faster than LOOP/CHECK because LOOP ... WHERE evaluates the specified condition internally. As with any logical expressions, the performance is better if the operands of a comparison share a common type. The performance can be further enhanced if LOOP ... WHERE is combined with FROM i1 and/or TO i2, if possible.


Always use Pretty Printer and Extended Program Check before releasing the code. Do not leave unused code in the program. Comment the code thoroughly. Align the comments and the Code. Follow the SAP Standards and SAP Best Practices guidelines. It’s a good practice to take a dump of the code on your local drive.

Ole Automation Part1
Ole Automation Part 2
Processing Blocks in ABAP
Simple ABAP Report
ALV Grid - Changing Colors
ALV Report Example
Creating Variants For ABAP Reports
Recording BDC using Transaction
Sales Document Flow in ABAP
User Exits in SAP SD
SAP ABAP Naming Standards
SAP SD Tables
SAP ABAP Data Dictionary Tables
MM Important Transaction Codes in SAP
Passing g Data From One ABAP Program to Another
ABAP Compute Add Collect and Append
SAP ABAP Determining Attributes of Data
SAP ABAP Editor Icons
BAPI for Displaying Material Data
BAPI to get customer bank details
EDI Outbound Process
SAP EDI Process Overview
Function Module for Vendor Bank details
SAP IDOC
Creating a Valid Password in SAP
SAP BADIs Introduction
SAP ABAP MACROS
POP UP function Module to Confirm and Save Data
Select Options
BAPI for availability check
String to Numerical
SAP Goods Movement Process
Getting a List of Plants for a Material
SAP R3 Clients Concept
ABAP Adobe Forms
Authorization Object Tables
SAP Industry Specific Solutions

Sap Scripts and SmartForms Bar Codes
Standard Reports and Sap Scripts
Important Standard Reports in SAP
Abap Tricks and Tips
Bapi Sales Order
BAPI Purchase Order
Creating Function Modules in SAP
Creating Tables in SAP
Finding User Exits in SAP
Function Module Create Text and Read Text
Important Transaction Codes in SAP
ABAP Function Module for Submitting a Program
ABAP Game Tic Tac Toe
ABAP Internal Table To Excel Sheet
ABAP Function Module to create Directory
Different Types of Menus in SAP
Function Modules in SAP to check Loged in Users
ABAP Function Module for Adding Days to Dates
Call a Transaction From a Remote System
SAP MM simple Procurement Cycle
BAPI Material EDIT
Finding Decimal Places in Currency
Getting negative sign before a number in ABAP
Program Editor Lock Unlock
Restricting Select Options
List of BAPIs in the system
SAP Function Module Scramble a String
LSMW
POP up table contents on the screen
SAP R3 Bookmarking Websites
Stock Requirements List Function Module
Retail Transaction Codes
ABAP Debugger Break Points
ABAP Debugger WatchPoints
Drill Down Reports Concept
Creating a HOT SPOT
Interactive Programs and Hide Technique
String Concatenate
Get Week of the Year
SAP ABAP to Add Days to a Date
Add Months to a Date
Get Month in the Year
Display Clock

ABAP Code For Progress BAR
ABAP Function Module For Caluclator
ABAP Function Module For Calender
Displaying Messages in ABAP
Function Module Pop Up To Confirm
Conversion Routines in SAP
SAP ABAP Authorization
SAP ABAP Module Pool Tutorial
SAP ABAP RFC

Finding Path to SAP Transaction in Menu
SAP Purchasing Documents
SAP and ABAP Shortcuts
Logical Databases
Advantages of Logical Databases
Copy to Clipboard
BAPI Create Material
Finding and Running Programs in ABAP
Program Syntax Check and Extended Syntax Check
Select Options upper lower case
BAPI Sales Order Simulate
Get PLANT and Description for a Material
MRP List Function Module
Production Planning and Controlling
Applications in SAP R3
Tool Based Reports
Important Transaction Codes in SAP
SAP Stock per Bin
Pop Up a Calender
Module to Read a File
Module to Reverse A String
Run an Executable Program with Parameters
Program for POP up Screen
Printing Selection Parameters for a Report
Uploading and DownLoading a Report
SAP ABAP Version Management
SAP ABAP Short Cuts
List of Important System Variables

ABAP MACROS
ABAP Calling a File Selector
Some Important Function Modules
ABAP String Operations

ABAP Function Module to Check Validity of Date
Transfer Internal Table Contents to a File

SAP ABAP Program Types
BAPI to Read Customer Data
Checking Validity of Date
Download to Application Server
ABAP Debugger Breakpoint and Watchpoint
BAPI to get Company Code Details
Creating Material Using BAPI part 2
Generating a Valid Password
Logical Databases Structure
Making Fields OBligatory in Selection Screen
ABAP Views
Getting a Company Code for a Plant
Importing contents of Clipboard in SAP
Getting a Plant for a Material
Plant Material and Storage Location
SAP Production Planning Standard Reports
NetWeaver Components
Supported Databases and Operating Systems