SAP AND ABAP TIPS AND FACTS

Tuesday, February 19, 2008

Function Modules Create Text and Read Text

Function Modules Create Text and Read Text

Many a times it is required to Read text from SAP Objects like Sales Order or Purchase Order from an ABAP program. Similarly it may also be required to write text in Sales Order or other SAP objects through ABAP Code.

The following Function Modules can be used to do the needful.

1) Create_Text
2) Read-Text

To read text from sales order Header Text we first need to create some text. Open an existing Sales order using transaction VA02 as shown in the figure below.



In the header text type some text for example 'This is Header Text' and double click in the text area.



Once this is done the text gets saved and the following screen appears. Here you can type some more text.



Go back to the previous screen



See the change in the Icon as shown in the figure below. It now has some lines.



Now we need to run execute the function module to read the text that we have just typed. But before that we need to find the following

1) Text Object to read
2) Text ID to read.

Hence click on the Icon shown below.



Then the following screen appears. From here we can pick up the Text Object (VBBK) and Text ID (0001). For header text.



This can also be achieved using transaction SE75. As shown below.



Select Text Objects and IDs as shown below and click on display.



We now need to search for Sales. Click on the search tool as shown below.



Type Sales as shown below.



Select Sales Header. From the figure we can see the object as VBBK. Then click on Text IDs.



Select 0001 for header note.



We now have the following information with us.

1) Text Object ------- 'VBBK'
2) Text ID -----------'0001'
3) Sales order number ----'0000005473'
4) Language 'EN'

The above info should be obtained as shown in the above screen shots. Now run transaction SE37 and execute the function module 'READ_TEXT'



Enter the above mention data. Please note that this data will vary from system to system.



Name is the Sales Order Number.



Run the function module. As shown below the table has one record. Click on that entry.



The text is displayed as shown below.



The test data that has been entered can be saved and by clicking on the save button.



Give appropriate name.



Once saved it can be retrieved from the Test Data Directory.



Similarly Text can also be written in Sales Order/Purchase Order or any other SAP object using the function module 'CREATE DATA'.



We will insert text in the 'COMPLETION NOTE'. The following figure shows the Object name and Object ID.



Enter the data in the function module parameters as shown below. And run the function module.



Open the sale order. Goto---Header Text. See the text in COMPLETION NOTE.



Similarly text can be read or written in the Item text. The above mentioned steps can be followed to get the Object and ID.

Note: For Item text the 'NAME' parameter in the function module needs to be filled with

Sales Order number + item number.

2 comments:

adams said...

This is great stuff.

rmblefsh said...

This is extremely helpful as we are trying to perform these tasks to update freight charges to sequence 0002 in VBBK, however, not being an SAP programmer I'm having trouble determining how to do this externally through the .NET connector. Any ideas as to how I can accress READ_TEXT, CREATE_TEXT, SAVE_TEXT, etc... Through standard BOR objects?

ABAP TIPS

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 ABAP TIPS


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 ABAP TIPS
Always specify your conditions in the Where-clause instead of checking them yourself with check statements. The database system can then use an index (if possible) and the network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
For all frequently used Select statements, try to use an index. You always use an index if you specify (a generic part of) the index fields concatenated with logical Ands in the Select statement's Where clause. Note that complex Where clauses are poison for the statement optimizer in any database system.


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If there exists at least one row of a database table or view with a certain condition, use the Select Single statement instead of a Select-Endselect-loop. Select Single requires one communication with the database system, whereas Select-Endselect needs two.


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It is always faster to use the Into Table version of a Select statement than to use Append statements.


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To read data from several logically connected tables use a join instead of nested Select statements. Network load is considerably less.


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If you want to find the maximum, minimum, sum and average value or the count of a database column, use a select list with aggregate functions instead of computing the aggregates yourself. Network load is considerably less.


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If you process your data only once, use a Select-Endselect-loop instead of collecting data in an internal table with Select Into Table. Internal table handling takes up much more space.


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Use a select list or a view instead of Select * , if you are only interested in specific columns of the table. Network load is considerably less.


 ABAP TIPS
For all frequently used, read-only tables, try to use SAP buffering. Network load is considerably less.


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Whenever possible, use array operations instead of single-row operations to modify your database tables. Frequent communication between the application program and database system produces considerable overhead.


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Whenever possible, use column updates instead of single-row updates to update your database tables. Network load is considerably less.


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Instead of using nested Select loops or FOR ALL ENTRIES it is often possible to use subqueries. Network load is considerably less.


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Use the special operators CO, CA, CS, instead of programming the operations yourself. If ABAP/4 statements are executed per character on long strings, CPU consumption can rise substantially.


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Some function modules for string manipulation have become obsolete and should be replaced by ABAP/4 statements or functions: STRING_CONCATENATE... -> CONCATENATE, STRING_SPLIT... -> SPLIT, STRING_LENGTH -> strlen(), STRING_CENTER -> WRITE...TO...CENTERED, STRING_MOVE_RIGHT -> WRITE...TO...RIGHT-JUSTIFIED


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Use the CONCATENATE statement instead of programming a string concatenation of your own.


 ABAP TIPS
If you want to delete the leading spaces in a string, use the ABAP/4 statement SHIFT...LEFT DELETING LEADING... .Other constructions (with CN and SHIFT...BY SY-FDPOS PLACES, with CONDENSE if possible, with CN and ASSIGN CLA+SY-FDPOS(LEN) ...) are not as fast. In any case, avoid using SHIFT inside a WHILE-loop!


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Use the SPLIT statement instead of programming a string split yourself.


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Use the strlen( ) function to restrict the DO loop to the relevant part of the field, e.g. when determinating a check-sum.


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Use "CLEAR f WITH val" whenever you want to initialize a field with a value different from the field's type-specific initial value.


 ABAP TIPS
Try to keep the table ordered and use binary search or used a table of type SORTED TABLE. If TAB has n entries, linear search runs in O( n ) time, whereas binary search takes only O( log2( n ) ).


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A dynamic key access is slower than a static one, since the key specification must be evaluated at runtime. However, for large tables the costs are dominated by number of comparison needed to locate the entry.


 ABAP TIPS
If you need to access an internal table with different keys repeatedly, keep your own secondary indices.With a secondary index, you can replace a linear search with a binary search plus an index access.


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LOOP ... WHERE is faster than LOOP/CHECK because LOOP ... WHERE evaluates the specified condition internally. As with any logical expressions, the performance is better if the operands of a comparison share a common type. The performance can be further enhanced if LOOP ... WHERE is combined with FROM i1 and/or TO i2, if possible.


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